Formulation of Serum Using a Combination of Tamanu Oil and Tea Tree Oil as Antiacne

Downloads
Acne is a chronic inflammation of the skin caused by bacteria. Tamanu oil contains neoflavonoids and tea tree oil contains terpenes-4-ol, both of which have good antibacterial agents. The combination of Tamanu oil and tea tree oil will produce a preparation synergistic in inhibiting bacterial growth. This study was to determine the best formula for serum preparations with good characteristics and stability against bacteria without irritating the skin. Serum formulation in three different concentrations of Tamanu oil is 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%, each combined with 2% tea tree oil. Then the characteristics test (organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, dispersibility, and pH), stability test (organoleptic, homogenous, and pH) using cyclic temperature stress testing, and antibacterial test against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes using well-diffusion method and irritation test using Hen’s egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) were carried out. The results showed that the overall viscosity, spreadability, and pH matched the specification, were stable, and had no irritation effect. Serum formulation containing Tamanu oil 1% and tea tree oil 2% is the best antibacterial activity which zones inhibition of 12.5 mm on Propionibacterium acnes and 11.6 mm on Staphylococcus aureus.
Downloads
Sitohang IBS, Fathan H, Effendi E, Wahid M. The susceptibility of pathogens associated with acne vulgaris to antibiotics. Medical Journal of Indonesia. 2019;28(1):21–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v28i1.2735
Karadag AS, Aslan Kayıran M, Wu CY, Chen W, Parish LC. Antibiotic resistance in acne: changes, consequences and concerns. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2021;35(1):73–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16686
Dhama K, Tiwari R, Chakraborty S, Saminathan M, Kumar A, et al. Evidence based antibacterial potentials of medicinal plants and herbs countering bacterial pathogens especially in the era of emerging drug resistance: an integrated update. International Journal of Pharmacology. 2014;10(1):1-43.
Ahmad S, Afsana, Popli H. A review on efficacy and tolerability of tea tree oil for acne. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2019;9(3):609–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3.2838
Pribowo A, Girish J, Gustiananda M, Nandhira RG, Hartrianti P. Potential of Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum) Oil for Atopic Dermatitis Treatment. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021;2021:6332867. doi:10.1155/2021/6332867
Léguillier T, Lecsö-Bornet M, Lémus C, et al. The Wound Healing and Antibacterial Activity of Five Ethnomedical Calophyllum inophyllum Oils: An Alternative Therapeutic Strategy to Treat Infected Wounds. PLoS One. 2015;10(9):e0138602. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138602
Nguyen HH, Tran TTM. Chemical composition analysis and antibacterial-antiinflammatoryactivity tests of tamanu seed oil extracted by supercritcial fluid technology. Sci Technol Dev J. 2016;19(3):146–54. doi: 10.32508/stdj.v19i3.573
Budiasih S, Masyitah I, Jiyauddin K, et al. Formulation and Characterization of Cosmetic Serum Containing Argan Oil as Moisturizing Agent. 2019;:297-304. doi:10.5220/0008361702970304
Utami, S. M. Pengaruh Basis Carbopol Terhadap Formulasi Sediaan Gel Dari Ekstrak Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr). Edu Masda Journal, 2019;3(1):1-12.
Nugrahaeni F, Yati K, Sukmara S. Pengaruh variasi gliseril monostearat pada krim ekstrak kulit buah naga merah super (Hylocereus costaricensis) dan uji antioksidannya. Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia. 2023;13(1):20–9. doi:https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v13i1.6099
Utami S M, Djajadisastra J, Saputri FC. Using hair growth activity, physical stability, and safety tests to study hair tonics containing ethanol extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.). International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 2017;9:44–8. doi:https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.20_25
Balouiri M, Sadiki M, Ibnsouda SK. Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. J Pharm Anal. 2016;6(2):71-9. doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005
Krambeck K, Santos D, Otero-Espinar F, Sousa Lobo JM, Amaral MH. Lipid nanocarriers containing Passiflora edulis seeds oil intended for skin application. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2020;193:111057. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111057
O’Lenick AJ, Dobos K. Comparatively Speaking: Types of Flow Behavior. The Definitive Peer Review Cosmetic Science Resource. 2010 p. 1–12.
Proksch E. pH in nature, humans and skin. Journal of Dermatology. 2018;45(9):1044–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.14489
Yunita Y, Yunarto N, & Maelaningsih, FS. Formulasi sediaan krim body scrub kombinasi ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) dan beras putih (Oryza sativa L.). Pharmaceutical Science Journal. 2021;1(1):57-68. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.52031/phrase.v1i1.170
Dafale NA, Semwal UP, Rajput RK, Singh GN. Selection of appropriate analytical tools to determine the potency and bioactivity of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. Journal of pharmaceutical analysis. 2016;6(4):207-13. doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2016.05.006
Rodriguez DS. Tamanu Oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L.). Aromathrapy E-Journal [Internet]. 2020;4:41–6. Available from: www.conference.naha.org
Oliva A, Costantini S, De Angelis M, et al. High Potency of Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil against Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules. 2018;23(10):2584. doi:10.3390/molecules23102584
Hartati Yuliani S, Rahmadani Y, Perdana Istyastono E. Uji iritasi sediaan gel penyembuh luka ekstrak etanol daun binahong menggunakan slug irritation test. Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia. 2017;14(2):135–40.
Capetti F, Sgorbini B, Cagliero C, Argenziano M, Cavalli R, Milano L, et al. Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil: Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Distribution from Topical Formulations with a Solvent-Free Analytical Method. Planta medica. 2020;86(6):442-50. doi:10.1055/a-1115-4848
Bekhof AMW, van Hunsel FPAM, van de Koppel S, Woerdenbag HJ. Safety assessment and adverse drug reaction reporting of tea tree oil (Melaleuca aetheroleum). Phytotherrapy Research. 2023;37(4):1309-18. doi:10.1002/ptr.7687
Yadav E, Kumar S, Mahant S, Khatkar S, Rao R. Tea tree oil: a promising essential oil. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 2017;29(3):201-13. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2016.1232665
Raharivelomanana P, Ansel JL, Lupo E, Mijouin L, Guillot S, Butaud JF, et al. Tamanu oil and skin active properties: From traditional to modern cosmetic uses. Ocl-Oilseeds and Fats Crops and Lipids. 2018;25(5):D504. doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2018048.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.